Intellectual property and innovative solutions for modern technology

Abstract

The ideas of modern science are converted into innovative technologies. The industrial application of these products of science is very much limited through intellectual property rights (IPR): in practice without protection through patent the industrial application is impossible. However the legislation of IPR is quite complicated and expensive, very often limited because of ethical aspects. These cases are very well illustrated by stem cells (pluripotent as well as totipotent), digitization of data and free access system, as well as the complicated patent system with many limitations and high cost.